Iri tegeko rigizwe n’ingingo 58 rizasimbura Itegeko Ngenga n°30/2008 ryo ku wa 25/07/2008 ryerekeye ubwenegihugu, byagaragaye ko ryari rikeneye kuvugururwa kugira ngo rijyanishwe n’amategeko yatowe kuva mu 2008, kimwe na poliitiki y’igihugu u Rwanda rushyize imbere.

Mu nama yaguye ya Komite Nyobozi y’Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi yabaye muri Nzeri 2020, Perezida Paul Kagame yagarutse ku kibazo cy’itangwa ry’ubwenegihugu, agaragaza ko abantu bakeneye ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, badakwiye kubwimwa igihe bafite ubushake bwo gufatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu.

Urwego rw’Abinjira n’Abasohoka mu Rwanda ruherutse gutangaza ko kuva mu 2009, ubwo rwatangiraga inshingano zo gusuzuma no kwemera cyangwa kwanga ubusabe bw’abanyamahanga basaba ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, rumaze kubutanga ku bagera kuri 935, kandi hari n’ubundi busabe bugisuzumwa.

Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ku wa 21 Ukuboza 2020 nibwo yemeje itegeko Ngenga rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, nyuma yo gusuzuma umushinga w’itegeko wasesenguwe na komisiyo ya Politiki, Uburinganire n’Ubwuzuzanye bw’Abagabo n’Abagore mu Iterambere ry’Igihugu.

Perezida w’iyo komisiyo, Rubagumya Furaha Emma, yavuze ko mu mushinga w’itegeko ngenga rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda hongewemo impamvu zo gusaba no gutanga ubwenegihugu no koroshya uburyo bwo kubusaba.

Yongeyeho ko muri uyu mushinga w’itegeko hemejwe ko ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bw’inkomoko busabwa Urwego rubufite mu nshingano aho kuba umwanditsi w’irangamimerere nk’uko byari bisanzwe.

Yavuze kandi ko Komisiyo yasuzumye kandi ikemeza ibitekerezo byatanzwe na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu bijyanye no kuba umwana wavukiye ku butaka bw’u Rwanda ku babyeyi badafite ubwenegihugu akwiye kubona ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda.

–  Bimwe mu bikubiye mu itegeko rishya rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda

Muri iri tegeko rishya rigenga imitangire y’ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, hongerewe impamvu zishingirwaho mu kubusaba no kubutanga, harimo ku banyamahanga “bafitiye igihugu akamaro”, hatitawe ku myaka itanu bagombaga kuba bamaze mu gihugu.

Muri izo mpamvu kandi harimo guha ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda umunyamahanga ufite ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye, ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa birambye.

Muri rusange iri tegeko rishya riteganya impamvu 11 zishingirwaho mu gutanga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa, ni ukuvuga ubutari ubw’inkomoko.

Zirimo kuvukira ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, umwana utoraguwe, ishyingirwa, kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye, inyungu z’igihugu, ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye, ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa binini kandi birambye, kuba mu Rwanda, icyubahiro, kuba umwimukira no kutagira ubwenegihugu.

–  Ubwenegihugu bushingiye ku ishyingiranwa

Iri tegeko rishya riteganya ko mu gusaba ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda hashingiwe ku ishyingiranwa, ugomba kuba ‘warashyingiranywe n’Umunyarwanda mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko’.

Muri izo ngingo hiyongeraho “kuba umaze nibura imyaka itanu ushyingiwe ku munsi w’ubusabe,” kandi icyo gihe ugomba kuba ubana “n’uwo mwashyingiranywe kugeza ku munsi w’itangwa ry’ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda wasabye.”

Kuri iyi ngingo hakozwe impinduka hakumirwa gushakana ngo abantu bahite babona ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa, mu buryo bworoshye.

Mu itegeko ngenga ryo mu 2008 ho byateganywaga ko umunyamahanga cyangwa umuntu udafite ubwenegihugu washyingiranywe n’Umunyarwanda, ashobora kubona ubwenegihugu igihe abisabye, ubushyingiranwe bumaze nibura imyaka itatu.

Mu zindi ngingo zituma abashyingiranywe bahabwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ni uko ubisaba agomba kuba ari inyangamugayo, anafite ubumenyi ku muco n’imigenzo Nyarwanda n’indangagaciro z’igihugu, kandi abyubaha, no kuba atahungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Muri iri tegeko binateganywa ko hashobora kubaho gutakaza ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ku wabuhawe hashingiwe ku ishyingirwa, “iyo urwego rubifitiye ububasha rumenye ko ishyingiranwa ryabaye ku bw’inabi hagambiriwe kubona cyangwa gufasha umuntu kubona ubwenegihugu nyarwanda.”

Icyo gihe umuntu wambuwe ubwenegihugu kandi ntiyongera kubusubirana, ndetse ingaruka zo kubwamburwa zigera no ku bo yishingiye.

–  Ubundi bwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku nyungu z’igihugu

Ibishingirwaho mu gusaba ubwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku nyungu z’igihugu harimo kuba ubusaba igihugu kimufitemo inyungu, kandi hari ibaruwa urwego bireba rugenera urwego rubifitiye ububasha isobanura inyungu z’igihugu, zishingirwaho mu kumuha ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa, ni ukuvuga ubutari ubw’inkomoko.

Ni kimwe no ku bwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku bumenyi cyangwa ku mpano byihariye, aho ababuhabwa bagomba kuba bafite ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye bikenewe mu Rwanda.

Hagomba kandi “kuba hari ibaruwa, urwego bireba rugenera urwego rubifitiye ububasha, isobanura uburyo ubumenyi cyangwa impano byihariye usaba afite bikenewe mu Rwanda, bikaba byashingirwaho ahabwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa.”

Naho ku bwenegihugu buzaba butangwa hashingiwe ku ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa birambye umuntu afite, harimo kuba ubusaba “afite ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa binini kandi birambye mu Rwanda.”

Icyo gihe na we agomba kuzaba afite ibaruwa urwego bireba rugenera urwego rubifitiye ububasha, igaragaza ishoramari cyangwa ibikorwa binini kandi birambye by’usaba mu Rwanda, bishobora gushingirwaho ahabwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa.

Uhabwa bene ubwo bwenegihugu azajya asabwa kuba ari inyangamugayo, afite imyifatire myiza kandi akaba atahungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Bivuze ko uwujuje kimwe muri ibyo byavuzwe haruguru azajya ashobora kubona ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda mu gihe abusabye, hadashingiwe ku kindi icyo ari cyo cyose, nk’igihe amaze mu Rwanda cyangwa ibindi.

–  Ubwenegihugu butangwa kubera kuba mu Rwanda

Ku bijyanye n’ubwenegihugu butangwa kubera kuba mu Rwanda, muri iri tegeko rishya biteganywa ko umunyamahanga azaba ashobora kubusaba igihe amaze imyaka 15 ikurikirana aba mu Rwanda, mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, kandi akaba azi umuco, indangagaciro Nyarwanda kandi abyubaha.

Ni impinduka zikomeye kuko mu itegeko ryo mu 2008 ari naryo rigikoreshwa ubu, biteganywa ko umunyamahanga wese usaba kugirwa Umunyarwanda, igihe abisaba agomba kuba aba mu Rwanda kuva nibura mu myaka itanu ishize, kandi ahaba mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.

Hari kandi n’ubwenegihugu butangwa hashingiwe ku kuba umwimukira, aho ubusaba agomba kuba yarimukiye mu Rwanda ku mpamvu z’imibereho, iza politiki cyangwa iz’ubukungu, cyangwa kuba akomoka ku muntu wimukiye mu Rwanda ku bw’izo mpamvu.

Akaba nibura amaze imyaka 25 ikurikirana aba mu Rwanda, kandi akaba ntaho agihuriye n’igihugu cye akomokamo, akaba kandi ari inyangamugayo kandi afite imyifatire myiza, afite ubumenyi ku muco n’imigenzo Nyarwanda anabyubaha, akaba afite ubumenyi ku ndangagaciro mboneragihugu no kuba abana neza n’abandi, kandi afite ubushobozi buhagije, akaba kandi atahungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Umuntu ashobora kandi gusaba cyangwa gusabirwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa hashingiwe ku kutagira ubwenegihugu, aho ubusaba cyangwa ubusabirwa agomba kuba adafite ubwenegihugu kandi akaba ari ku butaka bw’u Rwanda ku munsi w’ubusabe, akaba kandi atahungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Muri iri tegeko rishya kandi harimo ko hashobora no gutangwa ubwenegihugu hashingiwe ku cyubahiro, buzaba butangwa mu guha agaciro imyitwarire y’umwihariko y’umuntu cyangwa guha agaciro ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa by’umwihariko by’umuntu, ububasha bwo gutanga ubu bwenegihugu bukaba bufitwe gusa na Perezida wa Repubulika.

–  Ububasha bwo gutanga ubwenegihugu

Ububasha bwo gutanga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bw’inkomoko bufitwe n’urwego rufite ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda mu nshingano mu gihe icyemezo cyabwo gitangwa n’urwego rufite ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda mu nshingano.

Iteka rya Minisitiri rigena imiterere y’icyemezo cy’ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bw’inkomoko ibikigize, uburyo gikoze n’ibipimo byacyo, umukuru w’urwego rufite ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda mu nshingano amenyesha mu nyandiko umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho uwabuhawe aba amakuru yerekeranye n’itangwa ry’ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bw’inkomoko.

Uwahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bw’inkomoko yandikwa n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere mu bitabo by’irangamirere abanje kumugaragariza icyemezo cy’ubwenegihugu yahawe n’urwego rufite ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda mu nshingano.

Ni mu gihe ububasha bwo gutanga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa bufitwe n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri, icyakora, ububasha bwo gutanga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda bushingira ku cyubahiro bufitwe na Perezida wa Repubulika.

Uwahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa atangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda. Icyakora, ibijyanye no gutangaza uwahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa hashingiwe ku cyubahiro bigenwa na Perezida wa Repubulika.

Iteka rya Minisitiri rigena ibikubiye mu myirondoro y’uwahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa bitangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda. Icyakora, ibikubiye mu myirondoro y’uwahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa hashingiwe ku cyubahiro bitangazwa bigenwa na Perezida wa Repubulika.

–  Uburyo bwo kwamburwa ubwenegihugu

Itegeko Ngenga rishya riteganya ko umuntu wahawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda azajya abwamburwa, igihe bigaragaye ko yabubonye akoresheje uburiganya, amakuru atariyo, inyandiko ihinduye cyangwa irimo ikinyoma, cyangwa akoresheje ubundi buriganya ubwo ari bwo bwose.

Ni kimwe n’igihe uwahawe ubwenegihugu bimenyekanye ko yari agambiriye kugambanira Repubulika y’u Rwanda cyangwa igihe imyitwarire y’uwabuhawe ihungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Biteganywa ko umukozi w’urwego rubifitiye ububasha uzagira uruhare mu itangwa ry’icyemezo cy’ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa mu buriganya, nabihamywa n’urukiko azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka irindwi, ariko kitarenze 10.

Naho uzihesha ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa mu buryo bw’uburiganya, nabihamywa n’urukiko azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu ariko kitarenze imyaka irindwi n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni 3 Frw ariko atarenze miliyoni 5 Frw.

Ni kimwe n’umuntu uzahamwa no gufasha undi muntu mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose kubona ku bw’uburiganya ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, azahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu ariko kitarengeje imyaka irindwi, n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni 3 Frw ariko itarenze miliyoni 5 Frw.

Kimwe n’itegeko risanzwe, uyu mushinga w’itegeko wemera ko Umunyarwanda ashobora kugira ubwenegihugu burenze bumwe, harimo n’ubw’u Rwanda, ariko ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ni bwo bwonyine bwitabwaho iyo hari amategeko y’u Rwanda agomba kubahirizwa.

Abafite ubundi bwenegihugu bazaba basabwa kubumenyekanisha bitarenze amezi atatu uhereye igihe babuherewe.

Iri tegeko ryatowe n’Umutwe w’Abadepite rigomba kohererezwa Perezida wa Repubulika kugira ngo aryemeze, cyangwa agire ubundi bugororangingo akoraho, mu gihe azaba arisinyeho nibwo rizasohoka mu igazeti ya leta ubundi ritangire gukurikizwa risimbuye iryo mu 2008.

Uwahoze ari Umuyobozi wa Kaminuza y'u Rwanda, Prof Philip Cotton, na we aherutse guhabwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda muri uyu mwaka

Umwe mu banyamahanga icyenda baherewe rimwe ubwenegihugu mu Karere ka Kicukiro

Iri tegeko rishya rizorohereza abanyamahanga bafite ubumenyi n'impano byihariye kubona ubwenegihugu

Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yemeje itegeko Ngenga rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda