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Amateka y’inyeshyamba za mbere zazengereje Umwami Musinga

Yanditswe na Nsanzabera Jean de Dieu
Kuya 2 August 2022 saa 09:13
Yasuwe :

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga ni umwe mu bayoboye u Rwanda wagize inyeshyamba nyinshi zarwanyije ubutegetsi bwe, ariko aza kuzamururwaho n’abakoloni b’Abadage.

Ku Ngoma y’Umwami Musinga, buri wese yateruraga ikivi cye cyo kumurwanya, amaze kurema impamvu shingiro ze zituma atayoboka uwarazwe Karinga.

Benshi mu bamurwanyije, bagize imbaraga kuva mu 1900 ubwo Abakoloni b’Abadage biinjiraga mu Rwanda.

Amateka agaragaza ko mu nyeshamba zikakakaye zarwanyije Umwami Yuhi Musinga harimo Rukura, Basebya na Ndungutse.

  Rukura yapfubije inzozi zo kwigarurira i Gisaka

Ingoma y’i Gisaka ni imwe mu zigaruriwe bigoranye, aho yigaruriwe n’Umwami Mutara II Rwogera mu 1850.

Mu bami bamuzunguye ku ngoma barimo Kigeli Rwabugili, ntibahwemye kugabayo ibitero bigamije gushimangira ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda muri icyo gihugu cyigaruriwe vuba, ndetse ashyira n’umurwa we i Sakara, kugira ngo kumenya amakuru yaho ntibimugore.

Aho Abadage binjiriye mu gihugu baje kugikoloniza bagaragiwe n’abihayimana b’Abagatolika ni bwo hari abagiye baca mu rihumye umwami Musinga, bagashaka kwigomeka ngo ubwo butaka butarashinga imizi mu Rwanda, bongere babugire igihugu cyigenga.

Uwitwa Rukura wari warigize ingunge mu Gisaka, ni bwo yohejwe mu buryo burunduye n’abapadiri bari bamaze guhanga Misiyoni Gatolika ya Zaza, ngo yigomeke kuri Musinga.

Abo bihayimana bamugiriye iyo nama-ntindi barimo Padiri Zuembiehl François Xavier wo mu Bufaransa na Padiri Pouget Justin.

Mu 1902 ni bwo Abadage bafatanyije n’ingabo z’ibwami bagabye igitero cyo kurwanya uwo Rukura washakaga ubwigenge bwa Gisaka yifashishije Abapadiri b’i Zaza. Nuko bamucura inkumbi, inkuru mbi itaha mu Bazirankende ko Rukura yarinaze.

Muri icyo gihe ni nabwo Musenyeri Jean Joseph Hirth wayoboraga Misiyoni Gatolika mu Rwanda yahise atanga itegeko ko abo Bapadiri bo mu Bufaransa, bava muri iyo misiyoni yasaga nk’aho ibarirwa ku Mupaka w’u Rwanda na Tanganyika.

  Basebya ba Nyirantwari yaheje Musinga ku bwatsi bwe

Basebya yabaga ku Rugezi rwa Ruhondo, abana na nyina witwaga Nyirantwari. Yagiraga ingabo zari intwari cyane ku rugamba. Hari igihe Basebya yashakaga kwigira umuhinza (umuntu wabaga ari ikigomeke yarafashe imisozi bugwate akayigira iye, akaba umwami wayo, akagandisha abandi kugira ngo ngo be kuyoboka umwami nyir’igihugu) maze arigomeka ashaka gutegeka u Burera bwose akarenguriraho n’u Rukiga.

Basebya ba Nyirantwari yabayeho ku gihe cya Rwabugili na Musinga, akaba yaratwaraga mu Rugezi rwa Butaro kuri iki gihe. Muri icyo gihe abakoloni b’Abadage bari barageze mu Rwanda. Basebya yari umwe mu ntiti mu byivugo u Rwanda rwari rufite, aho yakoraga mu mitana akibwira abatanazi, mu cyivugo cye: “Rwirahira”.

Muri uko kwigomeka, abatasi baragiye bamurega ku Mwami Musinga, nuko umwami ararakara cyane maze amuteza ingabo ze zitwaga Indugaruga.

Icyo gihe zagezeyo Basebya afatanyije n’ingabo ze barazitsinda Indugaruga ziragaruka ariko atari zose. Muri urwo rugamba hapfuye abantu benshi ariko nta mubare ugaragara w’abaruguyemo wamenyekanye.

Umutwe w’Ingabo z’Indugaruga zageze i Bwami, zivuga amacumu y’uko urugamba rwagenze maze umwami arushaho kurakara. Umwami afata icyemezo cyo kongera koherezayo undi mutwe w’ingabo zabarizwagamo igihangange Rurangangabo ari we wari ufite izina ry’ubutwari rya ‘Rukubanyinduru inkuba ya Biganda mu Gahunga k’abarashi’.

Umwami amaze kubona ko Basebya yamunaniye yagiye inama n’abatware b’imitwe y’ingabo uko uwo mugabo yazafatwa. Uwitwaga Rwubusisi rwa Cyigenza abwira Musinga ko azamuzanira Basebya na nyina ari bazima. Abandi bari aho babigira amadago kuko bari bazi ko atazabishobora.

Icyo Rwubusisi yakoze yigiriye inama yo kujya kwa Basebya yarangiza akamubwira ko aje kumuyoboka kandi amuzaniye n’amaturo. Ashaka inzoga n’abantu bake b’intwari harimo n’abasirikare b’Abadage. Rwubusisi yikoreye inkangara zirimo inzoga n’amaturo n’ibirago avuga ko ari byo bazararamo. Muri ibyo birago yazingiyemo imiheto n’imyambi.

Inama Rwubusisi amaze kuyinoza yatumyeho Basebya ko ashaka kumuyoboka kandi anashaka kumutura, ubundi bagahangana na Musinga. Basebya yumvise iyo nkuru yarishimye cyane kuko yari abonye andi maboko nuko bavugana umunsi n’aho bazahurira.

Umunsi warageze abagabo barahura, Basebya abonye inkangara n’ibirago yibwira ko ari byo birimo amaturo.

Mbere Rwubusisi yari yabwiye abo bajyanye ati “nimubona tuganira nkamufata namwe muzahite murasa bariya bazanye na we.’’

Rwubusisi na Basebya bagihura ahita amusumira maze arirahira cyane ati “ndagufashe”, dore ko yari umugabo w’umunyambaraga byahebuje.

Abazanye na Rwubusisi bafata imiheto n’imbunda batangira kurasa ingabo za Basebya ziriruka zirahunga zijya mu Rugezi. Nuko Basebya atahanwa atyo na Rwubusisi, amushyikiriza ibwami ngo bamukanire urumukwiye.

Basebya ba Nyirantwari yishwe n’Ingabo z’Abadage ubwo Rwubusisi yari amaze kumubazanira. Ibitero byivuganye Basebya ba Nyirantwari batangiye kubigaba mu ntango y’umwaka wa 1908 bisoza mu 1909.

  Ndungutse wahenewe na Rukara rwa Bishingwe, umuvumo we waramuhamye

Ndungutse ni umwe mu bihangange byabarirwaga mu Barashi bari batuye i Gahunga, kanabitiriwe kugeza magingo aya (Gahunga k’Abarashi). Akaba ari umwe mu bari bafatanyije na Basebya ba Nyirantwari kwigomeka ku Mwami Musinga.

Basebya ba Nyirantwari yabayeho mu gihe cy’abami barimo Rwabugili na Musinga. Ni umwe mu ntiti mu guhanga ibyivugo u Rwanda rwagize, aho yakoraga mu mitana akibwira abatanazi mu cyivugo cye “Rwirahira”.

Aho ingabo z’ibwami n’iz’Abadage zari zirangajwe imbere na Rwubusisi rwa Cyigenza zihanaguyeho ubuzima bwa Basebya, Ndungutse we yahise ashyira nzira arahunga, ariko ntiyajya kure cyane, abicungira hafi. Nyuma y’igitero cyivuganye Rukara rwa Bishingwe mu 1910 wari umaze kwica umuzungu Paulin Lupias, ni bwo hakurikiyeho ikindi gitero simusiga cyivuganye Ndungutse.

Amateka agaragaza ko Ndungutse ari we wihaye ubuhangange bwo kurwana kuri Rukara rwa Bishingwe wari umaze kwivugana umuzungu, nyuma akaza guhungira mu Bufumbira.

Rukara yahisemo kuva ishyanga akagana Ndungutse yishyingikirije ko se na sekuru bahatswe n’umwami. Rukara yasabye Ndungutse kumurinda abazungu kuko yanganye na bo. Ndungutse yasubije Rukara ati “Narabimenye ga Rukara humura ndabakurinda.”

Bukeye Ndungutse yohererejwe urwandiko n’abazungu bamusaba kuzabafatira Rukara. Nubwo Nyirinkwaya yaburiye Rukara ko yaguzwe agiye kwicwa, Rukara yamusubije ko atagiye kugwa mu gihuru, ko yemeye kwicwa agahorwa umuzungu yahotoye.

Ubwo Ndungutse yatumyeho Rukara ngo babuguze, bakibuguza Rukara yubuye amaso abona mu ntanzi z’urugo uwitwa Pawulo arahingutse.

Rukara ati “Yampayinka Bishingwe, ese Ndungutse nawe koko? Ngi biriya ibyo nanganye na byo biraje.”
Ndungutse ni ko kumusubiza ati “Humura ndabikurinda”. Rukara ati “Ntabwo ukibindinze ahubwo wantanze mba ndoga umwami!”

Igitero simusiga cyari kizanye na Pawulo cyataye Rukara muri yombi ariko asiga avumye Ndungutse ati “Ntukime i Rwanda ndi Umucyaba, ndagiye Urw’igikundiro rwa Semukanya, ngiye kwishyura icyo nakoze ariko wowe uzishyura icyo utakoze. Rukara yiyambura impuzu ahenera Ndungutse amuvuma.”

Umuvumo wa Rukara rwa Bishingwe wamutashyeho ubwo umunsi w’urwijiji wamuhingukiragaho, inkubiri yo guhiga bukware abarwanyaga Umwami Musinga ikajije umurego.

Ibitero byivuganye Ndungutse byagabwe kuva mu 1911 kugeza mu 1912, aho byari byiganjemo Abadage bafatanyije n’ingabo z’ibwami, zirangajwe imbere n’Umudage Lt. Gudovius (ari we bakundaga kwita Bwana Lazima) na Rwubusisi.

Abadage bakuwe mu Rwanda n’Ababiligi mu 1916, nyuma yo kubatsinda ku rugamba barwanye mu Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi yose yatangiye mu 1914. Musinga yarinze apfa agikumbuye Abadage, bamwamuruyeho inyeshyamba zari zaramujengereje.


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