Iyi gahunda ntiyasize n’ubwanditsi bw’ibitabo kuko hari hasigaye harimo ibibazo bishingiye ku kuba ibyigishirizwamo mu mashuri bikorerwa mu mahanga kandi bigakorwa n’abanyamahanga.

Ibi byatumaga hari amasomo atarabonaga ibitabo kuko abanditsi b’abanyamahanga bangaga kubyandika, bashingiye ko bikomeye kandi batazabibonamo amafaranga menshi kuko abanyeshuri babyiga ari bake nk’Ubutabire, Ubugenge, Imibare n’andi yigishwa mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuri yisumbuye.

Ibitabo byandikwaga n’abanyamahanga, wabisangagamo amakosa kandi bitajyanye na gahunda u Rwanda rwihaye yo gutuma uburezi buba inzira yo kurandura ingengabitekerezo no guteza imbere indagagaciro z’umuco Nyarwanda. Ibyo bitabo ni nk’Amateka, Ikinyarwanda, Amasomo Mbonezamubano n’ayandi.

Hakaba n’ibitabo byagaragaragamo amakosa menshi atandukanye, Urwego rw’Igihugu Rushinzwe Uburezi bw’Ibanze (REB) ntirube rwashobora kuyakosora kuko nta burenganzira (copy right) rwari rufite kuri ibyo bitabo.

Nyuma yo kubona ko igihugu gitakaza imbaraga nyinshi bigatuma n’uburezi bufite ireme budatangwa, mu 2017 hafashwe umwanzuro ko abari mu burezi bakoresha ubuhanga bafite bagatangira kwiyandikira no gutubura ibitabo bakoresheje amacapiro yo mu Rwanda ( In House Textbook Production).

Mu 2018 ni bwo Umushinga wiswe “Inhouse textbook production” watangiye, uhereye ku gushaka uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi (copyright) mu nzu z’ibitabo zari zisanzwe zikorana na REB kugira ngo rugire uburenganzira busesuye bwo gukosora, gucapa no kuvugurura ibitabo byari byaraguzwe, hatabayeho inzira ndende yo gusaba uburengazira bw’umwanditsi.

Mu gukora ibitabo, byasabye gushaka abarimu b’abahanga mu masomo atandukanye bigisha mu mashuri abanza, ayisumbuye na kaminuza no mu nzego zinyuranye bagakora ibitabo hagendewe ku nteganyanyigisho ziteguwe n’uru rwego.

Kwikorera ibitabo byatangiriye ku gukora ibitabo 46 bitari byarabonetse mu masoko yatanzwe kuko inzu z’ubwanditsi zitari zarabyanditse kuva mu 2016 kugera mu 2018.

–  Ibitabo bisaga miliyoni 14.6 bimaze gutangwa

Gukorera ibitabo mu Rwanda ni gahunda igenda itanga umusaruro ndetse kugeza ubu hamaze gutangwa ibitabo bisaga miliyoni 14.6 mu mashuri atandukanye uhereye mu y’incuke kugera ku y’inderabarezi. Ibi byose byatwaye asaga miliyari 52.6 Frw.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr Mbarushimana Nelson, yavuze ko gukorera ibitabo mu Rwanda byitezweho kongera ireme ry’uburezi.

Ati “Wasangaga hari ibitabo byandikwa n’abanyamahanga batazi u Rwanda, rimwe na rimwe bikaza bifite amakosa, byanamara kugera aha bigatwara umwanya munini mu gihe dukeneye ko bikosorwa. Kwikorera ibitabo rero byahise bitworohera no mu byerekeye ibiciro.”

“Birebana no gutubura ibitabo byabaga ngombwa ko tubanza kubasaba uburenganzira kandi bikadutwara igihe kinini. Ubu dufite uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi bivuze ko ibyo bitworohera niba hari impinduka zibayeho.’’

Ubusanzwe gukorera igitabo mu mahanga byatwaraga amafaranga atari make aho kuri ubu nibura amafaranga 914 Frw yacunguwe kuri buri kimwe.

Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe Integanyanyigisho, Imyigishirize n’Ibikoresho by’Ishuri, Murungi Joan, yabwiye IGIHE ko gahunda yo kwikorera ibitabo mu gihugu yagabanyije ibyatakazwaga n’ihamagazwa ry’ibitabo mu mashuri kubera amakosa yagaragayemo.

Ufashe 914 Frw acungurwa ku gitabo kimwe usanga nibura mu gihe gito cy’imyaka ine asaga miliyari 7, 7 Frw yagombaga gutangwa mu gukora ibitabo yarazigamwe utibagiwe n’ayari gukoreshwa mu kubikosoza.

Murungi yavuze ko uretse kuba kandi harabayeho kuzigama ayo mafaranga byanatanze akazi ku bana b’Abanyarwanda kuko ari bo babyandika, bakabitunganya ndetse bikanacapirwa mu gihugu bityo bikagirira umumaro abenegihugu.

Ibi kandi byanatumye ubumenyi mu gutunganya ibitabo bwiyongera mu gihugu igihugu kigira abahanga benshi ku buryo hatagikenewe kwifashisha abanyamahanga muri ako kazi.
Amacapiro yo mu Rwanda yatangiye kwiyubaka, gahunda itangira amacapiro abiri gusa ni yo yari ku rwego rwo gutubura ibitabo byinshi ariko amaze kugera kuri ane.

REB yifuza ko nibura bizagera mu 2025/26 hamaze gukorwa ibitabo bisaga miliyoni 28 mu rwego rwo guhaza abanyeshuri bose cyane ko bizajyanishwa n’ikoranabuhanga.

Kugira ngo iyi ntego igerweho hakenewe nibura ingengo y’imari ya miliyari 12 Frw buri mwaka.

Asaga miliyari 7 Frw amaze gucungurwa binyuze mu kwandikira no gucapira ibitabo mu Rwanda

–  Ikorabuhanga mu burezi hagamijwe gufasha n’abafite ubumuga

Mu gufasha abana bafite ubumuga hatangijwe gahunda yo gutunganya ibikubiye mu bitabo binyuze mu gukoresha uburyo bw’amashusho, amajwi n’ururimi rw’amarenga.

Binyuze kuri porogaramu yo kwiyandikira ibitabo, byashizwe mu byiciro bibiri, ari byo “Edu-tainment”, hakozwe amasomo mu mashusho 48 ashobora kwifashishwa mu kwigisha abana bato. Ibyo byagezweho kubera kugira uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi (copyright) na porogaramu yo kwiyandikira ibitabo.

Ku biga mu mashuri y’incuke kugera mu mwaka wa gatandatu w’amashuri abanza hakozwe ibitabo bifite amajwi n’amashusho akoresha n’ururimi rw’amarenga bizafasha mu myigire y’abafite ubumuga. Ibi bizatangira gushyirwa ku rubuga rwa REB mu mpera za Nzeri 2022.

–  Amashuri nderaburezi yahawe umurongo

Imyaka igera ku munani yari igiye gushira amashuri nderabarezi atagira ibitabo n’izindi mfashanyigisho zigenderwaho kandi ari ahantu hatorezwa abarimu bazigisha abanyeshuri.

Ibi byagiraga ingaruka ku musaruro w’abarimu, bamwe basohokaga batazi ibyo bagomba kwigisha umwana bigendanye n’igihe n’umurongo wa politiki y’uburezi.

Hamwe no kwishakamo ibisubizo hateguwe, handikwa ibitabo 207 (tittles), ni ukuvuga igitabo cy’umunyeshuri n’icya mwarimu.

Kugeza ubu hamaze gutangwa integanyanyigisho 480 (Competence Based Curriculum Framework)” na za syllabus 4.600 ku mashuri nderabarezi yose mu gihugu.

Hatanzwe kandi ibitabo 78.600 bijyanye n’integanyanyigisho nshya mu mwaka wa mbere, 71,925 mu wa kabiri n’ibindi 58,851 mu wa gatatu.

–  Amasomo ya siyansi na yo yatekerejweho

Hateguwe amasomo mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga “Scripted lessons” agendeye ku mfashanyigisho n’integanyanyigisho zikoreshwa mu mashuri abanza 888 n’amasomo 1108 mu mashuri yisumbuye.

Aya masomo akorwa ku bufatanye na Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Ishami ry’Uburezi agashyirwa kuri za mudasobwa zoherezwa ku bigo by’amashuri ngo abarimu bagire ubumenye buhagije mu kwigisha amasomo ya siyansi.

Ibigo by’amashuri bitagira za laboratwari byafashijwe nibura kugira ibikoresho by’ibanze byifashishwamo (Science Kits) kuko byatanzwe ku bigo 322.

Hanatanzwe kandi amahugurwa arebana n’ikoreshwa ryabyo ku buryo umwarimu wese ashobora gufasha abana gukora amasomo yigishirizwa muri za laboratwari (Science practicals) ku barimu 2500.

Ibigo byigenga muri iyi gahunda nabyo byatekerejweho. Byasabwe kujya bikora raporo y’ingano y’ibitabo bikenera buri mwaka bigakorerwa ibitabo hagendewe ku gutanga isoko rimwe ry’ibitabo bya Minisiteri y’Uburezi bityo bikafasha kubona ibitabo ku giciro cyo hasi ariko ibigo bikishyura icyo kiguzi ku nganda.

Ababyeyi na bo babikeneye basabwa gutanga ubusabe bwabo ku bigo abana babo bigaho kugira ngo bikorerwe rimwe ku giciro kimwe hatabayeho guhendwa.

–  Hakenewe ubufasha bwa Leta

Murungi Joan yagaragaje ko ikiguzi cy’igitabo gikorewe mu Rwanda kikiri hejuru kuko ibikoresho by’ibanze byifashishwa mu kubicapa bitumizwa mu mahanga nko mu Buhinde n’u Bushinwa.

Ibi bikoresho by’ibanze iyo bigeze mu Rwanda hagatangira imirimo yo gucapa ibitabo (printing service) birasoreshwa bigatuma igiciro kiyongera.

Mu guteza imbere uruganda rw’ibitabo abahanga basanga Leta ikwiye korohereza abashoramari mu birebana n’uruganda rw’ibitabo kugira ngo gahunda yo kwikorera ibitabo irusheho kugenda neza kandi hatabayeho guhendwa.

Murungi yavuze ko Leta ikwiye kugira uruhare muri iyi gahunda ku buryo ibikoreshwa mu gucapa ibitabo bigizwe n’impapuro, indodo n’ibindi bikaboneka ariko bidahenze cyane.

Ati “Ubusanzwe ibitabo by’Abanyarwanda byacapiwe mu mahanga ntibisora iyo byinjizwa mu gihugu. Byaba byiza habayeho ishoramari rihagije muri serivisi y’amacapiro, ibikenerwa byose bikaboneka hafi kandi ku gihe. Ibi byazatuma ibitabo biboneka vuba kandi ku gihe.

Bivugwa ko kandi amasoko arebana no gutubura ibitabo asabiwe umwihariko (un conventional way) byatuma igihe bitwara kigabanuka bityo ibitabo bihagije bikaboneka.

Kwandikira ibitabo mu Rwanda byatangiye gutanga umusaruro ufatika

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr Mbarushimana Nelson, yavuze ko gukorera ibitabo mu Rwanda byitezweho kongera ireme ry’uburezi