Ubushakashatsi bwamuritswe mu 2019 n’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga gikusanya kikanasesengura amakuru ajyanye n’indege n’ingendo zazo, Cirium, bwerekanye ko 57% by’abatega indege bamenya ko habaye ikererwa cyangwa isubikwa bageze ku kibuga cy’indege, naho 36% nta makuru ahagije baba bafite ku ngendo zabo.

Impamvu zigaragazwa ko zishobora gukereza cyangwa zigasubika urugendo rw’indege ni nyinshi, zirimo iz’umutekano, isuzuma ry’ibibazo by’ibice by’indege (problèmes techniques), ikirere kibi n’itumanaho ritagenda neza.

Inzobere mu by’indege akaba n’umufotozi wabigize umwuga, Cyril Ndegeya, mu kiganiro yanyujije kuri Shene ya Youtube yitwa Ground Time, yavuze ko mbere y’uko isaha yo guhagurutsa indege igera habanza kubaho igenzura ry’umutekano no gusaka abagenzi harebwa ko ntacyo batwaye cyateza ikibazo.

Ati “Abagenzi banyuzwa mu magenzura menshi harebwa ko hari ibyo bashyize mu bikapu birengeje ibipimo by’ibigomba kugenda mu ndege. Nk’urugero amacupa y’amavuta cyangwa ay’imibavu ntagomba kurenza 100 ml. Hari igihe umugenzi aba akeka ko ari gato ntacyo gatwaye, ariko ategekwa gufungura igikapu hasangwamo irirengeje icyo gipimo rigakurwamo.”

Ndegeya asobanura ko abagenzi atari bo bonyine basakwa, ahubwo n’imizigo yose iragenzurwa nk’uko amategeko mpuzamahanga abiteganya. Iyo icyo gikorwa gitinze, bituma indege ikererwa.

Hakurikiraho gusuzuma ko nta kibazo tekinike indege yaba ifite ahantu runaka, “injeniyeri agasuzuma ahashoboka hose areba ko wenda amavuta ataba ari gutonyanga cyangwa ko hari ahadafunze neza”.

Ibibazo tekinike bikunze kugaragara ni ibijyanye no kuzinga cyangwa kuzingura amapine no kuyahinduranya, gutonyanga kw’amavuta, umwotsi mu cyumba batwariramo, feri zidakora neza, moteri idakora neza, ubushyuhe cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe, kwangirika kw’igice cy’inyuma (umurizo), umuvuduko mwinshi n’ibindi.

Ndegeya yavuze ko iyo ibyo bibazo bigaragaye, indege ishobora gukererwaho igihe runaka biri gukemurwa, cyane ko “mu kubikemura hari ubwo abagenzi basabwa kuba bayisohotsemo” byaba birasaba igihe kirekire urugendo rwayo rugasubikwa.

Yakomeje ati “Mu isubikwa hashobora gutegurwa indi ndege itwara abo bagenzi, ariko kuyitegura bushya nabyo bitwara ikindi gihe gishobora no kuba kirekire, hakiyongeraho gupakurura imizigo yabo yinjizwa mu yindi bigatera ubukererwe.”

Kuba ikirere cyaba kibi ku ndege nk’iyo cyiganjemo umuyaga ufite ingufu nyinshi, inkuba zikubita, imirabyo, igihu kibuditse, imanuka ry’urubura n’ibindi biza kamere bituma urugendo rukerezwa cyangwa rugasubikwa.

Ndegeya asobanura ko ububi bw’ikirere bureberwa ”aho irahagurukira, aho iranyura n’aho igiye”.

Hari kandi amafunguro n’ibinyobwa by’abagenzi usanga akenshi byabazwe mu matike bishyuye. Mu gihe bitateguriwe ku kibuga cy’indege, “bishobora gukereza urugendo bitegerejwe” kuko itahaguruka bitarahagera.

Na none kandi iyo habayeho ibibazo by’itumanaho ku bayoborera indege ku butaka bituma urugendo rusubikwa cyangwa rugakerezwa kugeza bikemutse.

Mu itwarwa ry’indege, hari abapilote baba bayirimo ariko no ku kibuga hari abandi bafatanya nabo mu ihererekanyamakuru riyifasha kugera iyo igiye. Iyo iryo tumanaho ritagenda neza, urugendo ntirukorwa.

Inyoni nyinshi mu kirere cy’amerekezo indege iri bucemo, nazo zishobora gutegerezwa zikabanza kuhava kuko usibye kuba yazivutsa ubuzima, zishobora no kwangiza moteli zayo bigatuma itagera iyo igiye.

Ibyo byabaye ku ndege y’Abanyamerika ku wa 15 Mutarama 2009 mu cyiswe “Miracle on the Hudson”, ubwo inyoni zayitambikaga moteri zigapfa ikagwa mu mazi. Abari bayirimo bararokowe bose ntawapfuye.

Uburwayi butunguranye bw’umugenzi cyangwa umupilote nabwo bwagiye butuma indege ziparika mu nzira mu bihe bitandukanye, bigatuma zikererwa kugera iyo zigana.

Indi mpamvu igira uruhare mu ikererwa cyangwa isubikwa ry’ingendo z’indege, ni ukuba ku kibuga cyazo hari nyinshi. Bitewe n’amategeko ndetse n’amabwiriza aba agomba kubahirizwa mbere y’uko ihagururuka arimo no guhabwa icyemezo cy’uko ibyemerewe nyuma y’igenzura, iyo zibaye nyinshi hari izikererwa bigatuma amasaha yari agenwe arenga.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko umutekano muke n’imyigaragambyo y’abakozi ba sosiyete y’indege bishobora gutuma ingendo zisubikwa.

Amahame inyinshi muri sosiyete z’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere zigenderaho, avuga ko umugenzi ukerejwe amasaha abiri cyangwa arengaho ahabwa impozamarira. Ni mu gihe uwo rwasubitswe we azihabwa iyo yabimenyeshejwe mu gihe kitageze ku masaha 14 mbere y’uko isaha yari kugendaho igera.

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma indege zisubika cyangwa zigakereza ingendo / Ifoto: Kigali International Airport