Amakuru aturuka i Goma avuga ko kuva mu gitondo cyo ku wa Gatatu, imirwano yari ikirimbanyije. M23 bivugwa ko yigaruriye Uduce twa Rutshuru na Nyiragongo.

Utwo duce twagiye mu maboko y’aba barwanyi nyuma y’imirwano ikomeye mu bice byo muri Kivu ya Ruguru. Magingo aya, bivugwa ko Umuhanda wa Goma ugana i Rutshuru utari nyabagendwa uhereye mu Gace ka Kibumba.

Abaturage bo mu bice bya Rutshuru, cyane ahazwi nka Kanombe, Nyesisi, Kabaya, Rumangabo, Nkokwe bahunze imirwano bava mu byabo.

Nk’ab’i Kanombe bahunze mu gitondo cyo ku wa Gatatu ahagana saa Tatu z’igitondo nyuma y’aho agace kabo gafashwe na M23.

Muri ako gace, M23 yari yatangiye kurwana na FARDC guhera saa Cyenda z’igitondo ku misozi ya Tchanzu na Runyoni mu gace ka Jomba. Humvikanye amasasu y’imbunda ziremereye uhereye ku manywa.

Mu Majyepfo naho ibintu bikomeje kudogera. Mu Duce twa Nyiragongo, Kibumba, Buhumba, Kigarama n’ahandi mu nkengero, bivugwa ko hari mu maboko y’inyeshyamba. Zagabye igitero kuri FARDC ahagana saa Kumi n’Ebyiri z’igitondo.

Umwe mu bantu babarizwa muri M23 yabwiye IGIHE ati “Uyu munsi imirwano yari yabaye myinshi. Abarwanyi bari i Kibumba.”

Fighters from the M23 rebel group advanced in eastern #DRC on Wednesday & were locked in heavy fighting with the army outside the region's largest military base. Acc to credible sources. M23 fighters attacked the Military base in the town of Rumangabo. pic.twitter.com/lExRHF8ExN

— Samuel B. Baker, PI (@SamuelBaker_B) May 26, 2022

Intandaro y’imirwano

Imirwano yubuye nyuma y’aho muri Werurwe yari yacogoye. Icyo gihe M23 yavuze ko ihagaritse kurwana kugira ngo habe ibiganiro. Ibintu byaje guhinduka mu minsi mike ishize.

Igice kiri kurwana ni abarwanyi bari bayobowe na Gen Sultan Makenga, bari barahungiye muri Uganda nyuma bakaza kuvayo.

Bivugwa ko kugira ngo imirwano yuburwe, hari imitwe yiyunze kuri FARDC, ndetse amakuru atangwa na bamwe mu bantu bo muri M23 avuga ko Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yahaye abasirikare bakuru amakuru ko hari imitwe ishaka gufatanya na FARDC mu kurwanya M23.

Ku rundi ruhande, M23 yavuze ko muri iyo mitwe harimo imwe ikomoka muri Congo n’indi irimo na FDLR.

Bikimara kujya hanze, uyu mutwe wahise wegura intwaro, uvuga ko ugiye kurwanya FARDC n’abandi bose bafatanyije.

Umusesenguzi Albert Rudatsimburwa asobanura ko M23 imaze imyaka yaratahutse. Ijya guhunga, yijejwe ko ibibazo byayo birimo gusubizwa mu ngabo, gucyura impunzi no gushyira mu myanya abanyapolitiki bizakemurwa, ariko imyaka yarahise indi irataha nta kintu kibaye.

Yavuze ko mu gushaka kugarura amahoro muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, Congo yafashe umwanzuro wo kurasa kuri M23 ariko ibikora nabi.

Ati “Amakuru mfite ni uko bagiye babikora bakoresha na FDLR, ariko bakibagirwa ko hariya M23 ihazi. FDLR irarasa igakubitwa, ahubwo M23 yabonye n’ibikoresho byinshi ibibambuye.”

“Barwanyije M23 bitwaje n’ibikoresho byinshi bavuga ngo bazabarasa mpaka basubiye iwabo mu Rwanda, ni yo mvugo yabo.”

Ibisasu byarashwe mu Rwanda ku bw’impanuka?

Iyi mirwano yakajije umurego guhera mu mpera z’icyumweru, ndetse ku wa Mbere, FARDC yarashe kuri M23 kugeza n’aho ibisasu biguye ku butaka bw’u Rwanda bikangiza inyubako z’abaturage, bikanakomeretsa babiri.

Hari amakuru IGIHE yahawe n’umwe mu bantu bo mu Gisirikare cya Congo ko ayo masasu kugira ngo agwe ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, byakozwe ku burangare bw’umusirikare ngo cyane ko “yarashishaga imbunda atamenyereye.”

Ngo ni imbunda Kinshasa yahaye abasirikare zimwe zikiri nshya ku buryo batari bamenyereye kuzikoresha.

Ku rundi ruhande, abasesenguzi baganiriye na IGIHE bavuze ko bidashoboka ko umusirikare yakwibeshya akarasa buhumyi nk’uko byagenze ku ba FARDC.

Bavuga ko amahirwe menshi ari uko ibyakozwe ari ubushotoranyi bwakozwe n’Abanye-Congo cyane ko buri gihe iyo Umutwe wa M23 uvuze, bahita bawusanisha n’u Rwanda ako kanya.

Igisirikare cy’u Rwanda cyandikiye EJVM, Urwego rwa Gisirikare rwashyizweho mu 2012 rugizwe n’ibihugu bihuriye muri ICGLR, rushinzwe gukora iperereza ku bikorwa bya gisirikare kugira ngo rufashe mu kumenya impamvu ibisasu byaguye ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.

Ibiganiro bya Nairobi byabaye imfabusa

Abakuru b’ibihugu bo muri EAC baherutse guhurira i Nairobi muri Kenya, bemeranya ko bagiye guhuriza hamwe ingufu mu kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro imaze igihe yarayogoje ibintu mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Basabye ko haba ibiganiro, imitwe yitwaje intwaro igategeka kuzishyira hasi cyangwa se ikaraswaho mpaka.

Imitwe yari yatumiwe ni idafatwa nk’iy’iterabwoba, ni ukuvuga FDLR na ADF.

M23 ni umwe mu mitwe yitabiriye ndetse amakuru IGIHE ifite ni uko mu bahoze ari abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe bari mu Rwanda, bari bahagarariwe muri iyo nama. Bishop Runiga Jean Marie ni we wari ukuriye delegasiyo y’abahungiye mu Rwanda.

Aba M23 bavuye mu Rwanda bari batatu, indi mitwe yitabiriye irimo M23 yaturutse muri Congo, Mai Mai yaturutse muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo n’iy’Amajyaruguru na Ituri.

Hari kandi indi mitwe irimo nk’uwitwa FRPI, Twirwaneho n’indi.

Nta mwanzuro wafatiwe mu biganiro bya Nairobi, ahubwo icyabaye kwari ukubaza iyi mitwe impamvu yafashe intwaro, icyo ishaka n’igihe izarekerera kurwana.

Ahubwo abahagarariye M23 baje gusohorwa muri ibyo biganiro, ubwo bumvaga ko abarwanyi bawo barasanye mu misozi yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, basigara bitana ba mwana ku watangije imirwano.

Byitezwe ko mu ntangiriro za Kamena uyu mwaka ari bwo ibiganiro bya kabiri bizaba.

U Rwanda rwari rwitabiriye nk’indorerezi ruhagarariwe n’abasirikare babiri bakuru. Hari n’izindi ndorerezi zo muri Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania, AU, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, u Bufaransa no mu Biro by’Intumwa idasanzwe ya Loni.

U Rwanda ruzamo rute muri ibi byose?

Buri gihe iyo hari ikintu kitagenze neza muri Congo, abanyapolitiki n’abandi bantu bihutira gushinja u Rwanda ku biba byose kabone n’iyo rwaba ntaho ruhuriye nabyo.

Abanyapolitiki bo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo nka Martin Fayulu n’abandi bavuga rikumvikana nka Denis Mukwege ntibasiba kwikoma u Rwanda ku kabaye kose.

Mbere y’uko Makenga n’ingabo ze bahungira muri Uganda, i Goma habereye imirwano ikomeye, Monusco ifatanya n’Ingabo za Congo mu kurwanya M23.

Icyo gihe Col Mamadou Mustafa Ndala ni we wari uyoboye urugamba [yaje kwicwa mu 2014], mu mujyi wose byavugwaga ko abo barwanyi ba M23 ari Abanyarwanda.

Marc Hoogsteyns yari ahari uwo munsi ari gutara amakuru. Ati “Nari mpari, Goma yose yari iri kuvuga ngo Abanyarwanda turabirukanye. Ariko ntabwo ari Abanyarwanda, ni Abanye-Congo nk’Abanyamulenge, nk’Abahutu bo muri Kivu ya Ruguru.”

Abenshi mu Bagogwe bari muri Congo bagezeyo mu myaka yo hambere bajyanywe n’Abakoloni b’Ababiligi kugira ngo bakore mu mirima yabo.

Ati “Ni Abanye-Congo, bagezeyo kera mu myaka 600 ishize, Abanya-Mulenge na bo ni uko bagezeyo kera, ni Abanye-Congo ariko ntabwo babemera.”

Marc asobanura ko u Rwanda rukwiriye gukomeza inzira za dipolomasi, hagashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugenzura ibibazo mu gihe hari ibibaye.

Ati “U Rwanda ntacyo rwakora kidasanzwe, ruri gukora ibishoboka byose ngo rubane neza na Uganda n’abandi baturanyi. Biragaragara ko rudashaka intambara, rurashaka kubaka ubukungu, rurashaka ko ibicuruzwa byarwo bibona aho binyura, rurashaka amahoro.”

Amaherezo azaba ayahe?

Mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo hari Abagogwe barenga ibihumbi 200 muri Kivu ya Ruguru mu myaka nka 20 ishize, ubu abahari bari mu bihumbi mirongo.

Amasambu yabo barayanyazwe, bamburwa inka, bamwe babonye ko ubuzima bwabo buri mu kaga barahunga, bajya mu bihugu byo mu Karere nk’u Rwanda na Uganda ndetse ubu bafashwa na HCR kujya mu bihugu nka Amerika na Canada.

Hashize imyaka bameneshwa bazira abo ari bo, ko bavuga Ikinyarwanda n’ibindi nk’ibyo. Ni ikibazo kitajya kivugwa gituma umunsi ku wundi havuka imitwe ivuga ko igamije kurengera uburenganzira bwabo.

Marc Hoogsteyns asobanura ko iki kibazo kitajya kivugwa, ari nacyo cyatumye Umutwe wa M23 uva muri Uganda ukajya mu mashyamba ya Pariki ya Virunga.

Ati “Birasa n’aho bari barambiwe kwihangana, ntabwo ari ukubavugira, ndavuga ibyo nkeka. Iyo urebye aba barwanyi ba M23 bari kumwe na Makenga, cyangwa se na Nkunda mbere, bahungiye muri Uganda, bajya mu nkambi, ariko byageze aho bararambirwa, basubira mu mashyamba.”

Marc Hoogsteyns asobanura ko nta musaruro ubuyobozi bw’igisirikare bwashyizweho mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo buratanga, ahubwo bwatumye ibintu bidogera.

Ati “Birakwiriye ko Guverinoma ifata ikibazo mu biganza, ikindi bakwiriye gukora, ni ukwemera iki kibazo cy’aba bantu bafatwa nka ba nyamuke, nk’aba Bagogwe bo muri Congo.”

Rudatsimburwa avuga ko igisubizo cy’umutekano muke muri Congo, kiri imbere mu gihugu. Ati “Iteka kwitwaza u Rwanda n’abandi, aho ni ho hari ikibazo. Congo yo ubwayo ni yo ikwiriye gufata umwanzuro ikabikemura.”

Monusco yakojeje agati mu ntozi

Misiyo yo kugarura amahoro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Monusco (Mission de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République Démocratique du Congo) ni gahunda yatangijwe n’Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe Umutekano mu 1999.

Ni nyuma y’amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara yasinyiwe i Lusaka muri Zambia ku wa 17 Nyakanga 1999 hoherezwa ku ikubitiro abasirikare 90.

Iyi misiyo yabanje kwitwa Monuc (Mission de l’Organisation des Nations Unies en République Démocratique du Congo) kugeza mu 2010; ibihugu bisaga 40 birimo ibyo ku Mugabane wa Afurika, u Burayi na Aziya, icyo gihe ni byo byatanze abasirikare mu gihe ibindi birenga 20 byoherejeyo abapolisi.

Inshingano za mbere za Monusco ku ikubitiro zari izo kurinda abasivile, abakozi b’imiryango nterankunga n’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, gukurikirana ibijyanye n’iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano y’amahoro, kwambura intwaro imitwe yitwaje intwaro no kwirukana ingabo z’abanyamahanga zari bari ku butaka bwa Congo.

MONUSCO kandi yaje gushingwa ibijyanye no gufasha muri gahunda yo guhererekanya intwaro ku bushake, gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abahoze mu mitwe yitwara gisirikare byose bigakorwa hadakoreshejwe imbaraga za gisirikare.

Amakuru agaragaza ko ikoresha ingengo y’imari ingana na miliyari y’amadolari buri mwaka. Mu gihe ihamaze, ni ukuvuga ko imaze gukoresha asaga miliyari 22 z’amadolari.

Marc Hoogsteyns asobanura ko kuba Monusco ikiri muri Congo nyuma y’imyaka 22 ishize, ari uko Guverinoma y’iki gihugu ibishaka, atari uko hari akazi gahambaye iri gukora.

Mu bice intambara iri kuberamo, ni ahantu ubusanzwe abasirikare ba Congo bakoresha mu bucuruzi bwabo bwa magendu.

Muri ibyo bice, umucuruzi uhanyuze, yakwa ruswa kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bye bibashe kwemererwa gutambuka.

M23 itangaza ko iri kurwanya FARDC na FDLR icyarimwe

Abaturage bo mu bice bya Rutshuru n'ahandi, bamaze iminsi baravuye mu ngo zabo kubera imirwano

Monusco inengwa ko imaze imyaka irenga 20 muri Congo ariko yarananiwe gushakira amahoro aka gace

Ingabo za Loni ziri mu butumwa muri Congo, Monusco, ziri gufatanya n'iza leta, FARDC muri uru rugamba