Ni ubusabe barengaho bakavuga ko ari Jenoside imaze igihe ikorerwa abo baturage ndetse ab’inkwakuzi bagatanga n’imibare, ko abamaze kugwa muri izo mvururu mu myaka 26 ishize, bari hagati ya miliyoni eshashatu na miliyoni icumi.

Impamvu y’izo mpaka, yazamuwe cyane no kubura imirwano k’umutwe wa M23 mu mpera za 2021, uwo mutwe ukarushaho kwigarurira uduce twinshi mu 2022.

Abavuga rikijyana muri Congo bahise batangira gushinja u Rwanda kuba inyuma ya M23, na ya mibare y’abishwe mu mvururu zimaze igihe muri Congo yose bayegeka ku Rwanda, bashingiye ko ari rumwe mu bihugu byashyigikiye AFDL ya Laurent Desire Kabila mu 1996 ubwo yakuraga ku butegetsi Mobutu Sese Seko.

Kuva ubwo kugeza ubu, bavuga ko ibibazo byose by’umutekano Congo ifite byatewe n’u Rwanda, bityo rukwiriye kubazwa impfu zose z’abamaze kwicwa muri icyo gihugu kibarizwamo imitwe yitwaje intwaro isaga 130.

Muri Kamena 2022, Ambasaderi wa RDC muri Loni, Georges Nzongola Ntalaja yabwiye akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano ati “Hari ikigo cy’abanyamerika Internal Rescue Committee cyagaragaje ko guhera mu 1998 hari abanye-Congo basaga miliyoni esheshatu bapfuye bitewe n’uko kwinjirirwa n’u Rwanda.”

Iyi raporo Nzongola avuga, yakozwe ku bantu bishwe n’imvururu zibasiye Congo guhera mu 1998 kugeza mu 2007. Nta na hamwe ivuga ko abishwe muri izo mvururu bishwe n’u Rwanda, uretse ko n’umubare w’abishwe bagaragaje ari ikigereranyo cya miliyoni 5.4.

Ni umubare wagiweho impaka cyane n’abashakashatsi kubera uburyo bwakoreshejwe, nk’uko ikinyamakuru cyo mu Bufaransa, La Liberation cyabigaragaje mu 2020.

Ikinyoma mu mubare w’abishwe muri RDC

Kuba hari abaturage benshi bapfuye muri Congo guhera mu myaka ya 1998 mu cyiswe intambara ya kabiri ya Congo, byo si ibanga. Kugeza n’ubu ibisigisigi by’izo mvururu biracyahitana benshi mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu, binyuze mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro.

Kugeza ubu habarurwa imitwe yitwaje intwaro isaga 130 ikorera mu Burasizuba bwa Congo yaba iy’abanye-Congo n’iy’abanyamahanga ikorera ku butaka bw’icyo gihugu, kandi buri munsi ihitana ubuzima bw’abaturage mu bice bitandukanye igenzura

Nubwo abaturage benshi bakomeje kugwa muri izi mvururu, kwerura ukemeza umubare w’abamaze kuzigwamo, ni ukubeshya cyane. Impamvu ya mbere, ni uko Leta ya RDC ubwayo itazi umubare nyawo w’abaturage bayituye.

Iki gihugu kiri mu binini bya Afurika, giheruka gukora ibarura rusange ry’abaturage muri Nyakanga 1984 kubwa Mobutu Sese Seko. Imibare yavuyemo icyo gihe niyo ikigenderwaho n’ubu, bakagenda bayongera cyangwa bakayigabanya bagendeye ku zindi mpamvu zitandukanye ariko ziterekana ukuri nyako kw’abatuye icyo gihugu.

Iki gihugu kibara ko gituwe na miliyoni ijana z’abaturage kuri ubu, ariko ubajije uti ni bande, batuye he, ntabwo babasha kuberekana.

Aha ni muri Gashyantare 2022 muri Ituri ubwo hashyingurwaga abaturage basaga 60 bishwe n'umutwe witwaje intwaro wa CODECO

Ni igihugu kitagira ikarita ndangamuntu, icyangombwa rukumbi kiranga umunye-Congo ni ikarita y’itora nayo itangwa mu buryo bufifitse ku buryo hari abazifite batari abanye-Congo ndetse n’abanye-Congo batazifite.

Indangamuntu rukumbi abatuye icyo gihugu bagize ni iyo ku butegetsi bwa Mobutu Sese Seko yatakaje agaciro mu 1997.

Ikigo gishinzwe Indangamuntu muri RDC, Office national de l’identification de la population (ONIP), cyemeza ko abanye-Congo nta ndangamuntu bagira kandi ari ikibazo gikomeye.

Muri Nzeri 2021, byashimangiwe n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa ONIP, Ilunga Ntumba Richard, ubwo yemezaga ko igihe kigeze ngo muri RDC hatangire gukoreshwa indangamuntu.

Yagize ati “Kugeza ubu abanye-Congo basaga miliyoni ijana nta Ndangamuntu bagira […] iyo nta buryo bw’irangamimerere ufite, umuntu ashobora kuvuka agakura kugeza apfuye ntawe umuzi, bisa nk’aho atigeze abaho.”

Abagira amahirwe yo kubona icyangombwa cyemewe ni abafite ubushobozi bwo gutunga pasiporo bakora ingendo mu mahanga. Naho birumvikana ko kubeshya bishoboka cyane kuko amakuru y’ibanze agenderwaho nta gihamya cyayo, nko kumenya aho umuntu yavukiye, igihe yavukiye, abo akomokaho n’ibindi.

Kuba nta buryo bwo kumenya abaturage buhari, bituma n’ubwo kumenya abapfuye cyangwa abavutse bugorana. Mu nzego z’ibanze za RDC hari abashinzwe kwandika abavutse n’abapfuye ariko mwibuke ko ari igihugu ibikorwaremezo birimo ibitaro ari bike ku buryo ababyarira kwa muganga aho bashobora kwandikwa ari mbarwa n’abapfa bagapfira mu rugo.

Nubwo kumenya abishwe n’indwara byaba bikunda, byashoboka bite ko Congo imenya abamaze guhitanwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro isaga 130 iri mu Burasirazuba dore ko imyinshi ikorera mu mashyamba, ahantu hatagera inzego za Leta kandi hakunze gupfira abantu?

Mu mwaka wa 2008 abashakashatsi b’Ababiligi Louis Lohlé-Tart na André Lambert, bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mubare w’abantu bashobora kuba barapfuye muri Congo hagati ya 1998 na 2004.

Ni ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Icyo gihe abo bashakashatsi bagaragaje ko bakoze isesengura, bagasanga abantu bahitanywe n’amakimbirane gusa, batarenga ibihumbi 200.