Abaturage ntacyo bari babiziho, babibonye biba ariko abari mu nda y’ingoma barabibonaga ko isaha n’isaha Kayibanda ashobora gutakaza ubutegetsi.

Hakizimana Alphonse, ni umusaza w’imyaka 74 utuye kuri ubu mu murenge wa Muko mu Karere ka Musanze. Ni umwe mu bari bamaze iminsi babibona ko Kayibanda azava ku butegetsi, ndetse yakoreshejwe n’abashakaga kumuhirika ngo amwereka hakiri kare ko ashatse yarekura, undi ntiyabiha agaciro.

Kayibanda yahiritswe ku butegetsi Hakizimana amaze umwaka ahawe akazi mu rwego rushinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka [Immigration], urwego rwabarizwaga muri Minisiteri y’Umutekano. Mbere y’iminsi ine ngo Kayibanda ahirikwe, Hakizimana yoherejwe n’abasirikare bakuru kwigaragambya imbere ya Perezida Kayibanda ari kuvuga ijambo, afatwa n’abashinzwe kumurinda ataramugeraho.

Muri iyo minsi kandi nibwo Hakizimana wari ufite imyaka 26, yari aherutse gukubita urushyi uwari Minisitiri w’itangazamakuru, amuziza ko amututse ngo ni ‘Umukiga’.

IGIHE yaganiriye na Hakizimana, asobanura byinshi kuri iyo coup d’Etat idafitiwe amakuru menshi yabaye mu Rwanda mu myaka 48 ishize.

Ni umusaza utuje cyane ariko uganira. Ntiyavuga interuro ebyiri atarakubitamo Agafaransa dore ko muri Kaminuza yize indimi.

Watangiye akazi ka leta ryari?

Hakizimana: Mu 1970 nagiye kwiga i Butare muri Kaminuza, bampa ishami ry’Igifaransa n’Icyongereza. Ntabwo narangije, mu 1972 naje gushaka akazi i Kigali.

Nashatse akazi i Kigali muri Minisiteri y’Umutekano n’ubutabera yayoborwaga na Sebatware André, ubwo umuyobozi wayoboraga ikigo cy’abinjira n’abasohoka yitwaga Nkulikiyinka Edouard, ubwo nza gukora mu biro bikuru byabaga i Kigali. Bigeze nko mu kwa Gatatu mu 1973, bampaye kuba chef de poste wa Immigration i Kanombe ku kibuga cy’indege.

Byose byahindutse nyuma ya coup d’Etat, nibwo uwari uri aha yagiye aha, ubwo njye nakomeje kuba muri Immigration kugeza igihe coup d’Etat ibereye.

Bivugwa ko warwanye n’umwe mu baminisitiri ba Kayibanda ukigera mu kazi?

Hakizimana: Naje kugirana amakimbirane n’uwari Minisitiri wa Radio Rwanda n’ubukerarugendo witwaga Minani Frodouald. Yagiraga irondakoko cyane, akita abakiga ngo ni ibicucu. Rimwe turi kunywa muri Hotel le Pichet i Kigali niko yavuze. Noneho nanjye nza kumusubiza nti ‘bishoboka ko perefegitura eshatu Gisenyi, Ruhengeri na Byumba ubu nta banyabwenge bahaba?

Wari wamugize ute ngo ageze aho akubwira ko abakiga nta bwenge?

Hakizimana: Kwari uguterana amagambo gusa , mbese batazi ko ahari ndi umunya-Ruhengeri. Icyo gihe irondabwoko ryari rikaze cyane ku buryo umuntu mutavugaga rumwe n’iyo mwabaga mukora hamwe ariko mutava hamwe, byabaga ikibazo.

Mumaze gukimbirana byagenze gute?

Hakizimana: Je l’ai giflé, namukubise agashyi. Icyo gihe batelefona uwitwaga Munyaruguhango niwe wari ukuriye Polisi mu mujyi wa Kigali. Byari tariki 30 Kamena 1973 buracya ari tariki ya 1 Nyakanga twizihiza umunsi w’Ubwigenge.

Ubwo Munyaruhango araza, noneho asanga ninjye ariko na we akaba umukiga. Ati ‘umva rero Alphonse, ngiye kukugeza iwawe, Minisitiri ndamubwira ko nkufunze ariko nugaruka mu mujyi ndagufunga bya nyabyo’. Ndagenda no mu rugo iwanjye.

Bwakeye ari umunsi w’ubwigenge….

Hakizimana: Buracya tariki ya 1 Nyakanga, turambara turagenda no kuri Stade Nyamirambo tujya mu birori. Muri bya birori hari igihe cyageze ijambo rya Perezida riragera, yari Kayibanda Grégoire. Afashe ijambo nka Perezida, ibyuma birapfa, za microphones ntizavuga zirapfa. Kayibanda ati ‘ari ubuzungu, ari ubunyarwanda buraza kunsobanurira ukuntu ibyuma bipfuye’. Ubwo njye ntabwo nari nakagiye.

Hakizimana avuga ko yari yahawe ubutumwa bwo kubwira Kayibanda ko abaturage batamushaka

Byagenze bite ngo ujye kwegera Perezida?

Hakizimana: Naragiye, mva aho nari nicaye muri tribune. Kuko abantu benshi bari bazi ko Immigration n’iperereza bakorana, baravuga bati ko na we ashinzwe umutekano se [Nta wamutangiriye]. Kugeza igihe ngereye imbere ya Kayibanda, nti ‘Nyakubahwa Perezida’, mu gihe nta kindi ndavuga bahita bamfata.

Nta kindi wakurikijeho, kandi bivugwa ko wari ugiye kumwaka Microphone?

Hakizimana: Ko Microphone yari yapfuye se nari kuyimwakira iki? Nari ngiye kumuregera Minisitiri Minani waraye uvuze ngo abakiga bose ni ibicucu.

Ubwo nta bwoba wari ufite ko bakurasa?

Hakizimana: Ahubwo nari nzi ko Perezida aranyakira akambaza ati mbwira ikiri kukugenza. Iyo ambaza nari kumubwira nti nyakubahwa Perezida icyo nashakaga kukubwira ni iki, narangiza nkasubira mu mwanya wanjye. We rero yagize ubwoba, baraperereza basanga sindi umusirikare.

Ikindi icyo gihe hakubitiyeho ko nari umukiga, abantu bo mu Majyaruguru yarabishishaga cyane.

Ese wavugisha ukuri ko nta zindi mbaraga zari zikuri inyuma?

Hakizimana: Ehhh hari ba ofisiye bari banshyigikiye. Urebye bose abo mu Majyaruguru baravugaga bati ntacyo. Donc urebye abasirikare bakuru b’icyo gihe.

None se hari umwe muri bo wari waguhaye ubutumwa ati udukorere iki kintu?

Hakizimana: Yego nari nabuhawe na Buregeya Bonaventure. Yari Commandant w’ishuri ry’abofisiye bato i Butare ariko yari umunya-Gisenyi.

Ntabwo Kayibanda yigeze ashaka kumenya uwashatse kumwegera?

Hakizimana: Igihe nari mfunzwe Kayibanda yabwiye Sebatware André [Minisitiri w’Umutekano] ngo niyiyamamaze neza yoye kuzana bene wabo bo kumwica. Undi ati ‘Ese yashakaga kukwica wabonye hari imbunda cyangwa se icyuma wamusanganye? Yari kukwicisha iki?’

Ubundi se ubutumwa wari wahawe ni ubuhe ?

Hakizimana: Nyine kwari ukumubwira ko Le peuple n’a plus besoin de lui, ko abaturage batakimukeneye. Ko yavaho neza atari ngombwa ko haba coup d’Etat kuko abasirikare barahari, nakenera coup d’Etat azayibona kandi yarabibonye le 5 Juillet.

Bagutwaye utarayamubwira?

Hakizimana: Ntabwo nari nakabimubwiye.

Ubwo washakaga kumwegera ntabwo yagize ubwoba se?

Hakizimana: Oya, icyakora ibirori bisa nk’ibyahise bihagaragara. Ibyuma bimaze gupfa, ibirori bisa nk’ibyahagaze.

Ese ni nde wari wishe ibyuma?

Hakizimana: Ni abanyamakuru da! None se ko twari twibereye Nyamirambo bigapfira kuri Radio Rwanda, ni itumanaho hagati y’abanyamakuru bari bari aho kuri Stade n’abari basigaye kuri radio.

Ubwo se abanyamakuru bari basigaye kuri radio bo nta butumwa nk’ubwawe bari bahawe?

Hakizimana: Birashoboka. Twese twarakoranaga ariko buri wese akarangiza inshingano ze.

Noneho tariki ya 1 Nyakanga mwari mubizi ko coup d’Etat ishoboka?

Hakizimana: Yego, ko no kuri Stade bayimukorera ahubwo. Ubundi se ubwo bayimukoreraga abari bamurinze sibo bamubwiye ngo batubwiye ngo utarenga aha. Bati n’urenga aha turakurasa.

Umaze gufatwa kuri Stade bahagukuye bate?

Hakizimana: Nafashwe n’abajepe babiri. Bafashe imodoka banjyana kuri gereza ya Kigali.

Ugezemo wafashwe ute umuntu washatse guhitana Perezida?

Hakizimana: Bampaye icyumba cyanjye njyenyine, ubwo Umuyobozi wa gereza na we bakaba bamubwiye bati attention! Uriya muntu. N’abarinzi ba gereza hari harimo ab’iwacu. Ntabwo byatinze kuko le 5 nanjye nabonye abo ba Minisitiri b’i Gitarama baje, ngira ngo baje kureba uko banyonga naho nabo baje bafashwe.

[Baje bababwira] ngo ngaho se namwe nimwinjire aha, bati Alphonse sohoka, nti yampayinka! Nabagamo ndi umwe none binjiye ari nka batanu.Ubwo umucungagereza arambwira ati byarangiye itahire.

Nyuma ya Coup d’Etat baguhembye uwuhe mwanya?

Hakizimana: Nagumye mu iperereza. Iby’i Kanombe nabivuyeho. Iby’iperereza babihaye kuyoborwa na Lizinde Theoneste, twe tukajya tujya kuzana amakuru hirya no hino.

Nk’umuntu wakoraga muri Immigration no mu iperereza, nta makuru mwabonaga mbere ko Perezida ashobora guhirikwa?

Hakizimana: Ko byabaga se no mu bindi bihugu, twaravugaga ngo kuki mu Rwanda ho bitaba? I Burundi, muri Congo byari byarabaye. Ahantu hari hasigaye hitonze ni Tanzania na Kenya. Ibyabaga byose barabibonaga.

Iperereza warivuyemo ryari?

Hakizimana: Narivuyemo mu 1975 nshwanye na Lizinde. Yari umuntu ushaka gutegeka rero kuntegeka ibintu ntashaka gukora rimwe na rimwe nshobora kuvuga nti nyica. Lizinde yantegetse kujya mu mpunzi z’Abarundi zari zarahungiye i Gatsibo, ngo njye kuzibamo njye muha amakuru, nti ntabwo nabishobora. Ko ari impunzi, zifashwa na HCR ndajya kubanekamo iki?

Lizinde ati utagira ngo njye ndi Kayibanda, nti ‘n’iyo utaba we, na we yari umugabo’. Nti ‘vaut mieux ko wansezerera’.

Nibwo niyiziye iwacu (Muko, Musanze) mu bwarimu. Bashatse kunshyira mu mashuri yisumbuye ndanga, njya mu mashuri abanza ariko nabwo ugasanga nk’abandi barimu cyangwa se abayobozi bamwe, abagenzuzi ntibanyiyumvamo ariko ndakora kugeza ku myaka 55.

Kuva mu iperereza ukajya mu bwarimu n’ibyo wakoze, n’abo mwari muziranye ko bidasanzwe?

Hakizimana: Byageze aho n’ubundi Gisenyi na Ruhengeri batangira gusubiranamo, ukavuga uti noneho ko ntaraba umunye-Nduga, noneho ndajya he? Ugasanga politiki no no no. Ubu se ni nde wafunze Lizinde atari Perezida? Na we yarabishishaga.

Ba bantu bose bari ku butegetsi bwa Kayibanda bahise bafungwa, ko bagiye bapfa mu buryo budasobanutse byagenze bite?

Hakizimana: Benshi bagiye bagwa hano muri gereza ya Ruhengeri kuko nta handi habaga gereza Spéciale atari hano. Iyo spéciale rero yajyagamo abantu bagomba gupfa. Bapfaga mu cyayenge kuko n’imiryango yabo yazaga kubashaka ikababura. Babahambaga hariya muri Nyakiliba hateganye na ka gasozi ka Nyamagumba.

Babiciraga iki se ko n’ubundi bari babakuyeho?

Hakizimana: Ndabizi se nyine, ko byavaga muri Perezidansi.

Kayibanda yishwe n’iki?

Yaguye iwe.

Nta wigeze agushinga kugira uruhare mu rupfu rwe?

Hakizimana: Oya, uruhare rwe ni Lizinde, mubicishije Kayibanda arimo, absolument […] abasirikare bajyagayo bakamukubita bagataha.

Ese ayo makuru mwarayamenyaga mu bashinzwe iperereza?

Hakizimana: Twarayamenyaga ariko ku buryo utabivuga.

Ni ukuvuga ngo urupfu rwa Kayibanda si urusanzwe?

Hakizimana: Reka, oya, ntabwo ari urupfu rusanzwe, ni urupfu rwa politiki. Urupfu rwa politiki benshi bapfa batarwaye.

Ntacyo wicuza kuri biriya bintu wakoze?

Njyewe? Nta na rimwe, Je n’ai aucun remords […] Bo bamerewe neza njye basa nk’abanshyize ku ruhande, bararya baranywa barakira ariko njye nkabura kivugira.

Hakizimana ashima uburyo ubu u Rwanda ruyobowe nta rondabwoko, iterambere rigera ku baturage bose nta we uhejwe, bitandukanye n’ubutegetsi bwa mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Hakizimana avuga ko u Rwanda kuri ubu ruyobowe neza, nta rondamoko kandi abayobozi barajwe ishinga n'Iterambere