U Rwanda rwahawe ubwigenge tariki 1 Nyakanga 1962, rumaze imyaka isaga 40 mu maboko y’u Bubiligi, byitwa ko ari indagizo. Ni ukuvuga ko u Rwanda rwagengwaga na Loni (byatangiye yitwa SDN) ariko ikaruha u Bubuligi ngo buyireberere.

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yatanze mu 1959 yaratangiye kuvuganira u Rwanda hirya no hino ngo rubone ubwigenge ariko uburyo yashakagamo ubwigenge, ntabwo bwashimishaga Ababiligi ari nabyo bikekwa ko yazize.

Rudahigwa yashakaga ubwigenge bwuzuye, Ababiligi bagataha burundu ibintu byose bigashyirwa mu maboko y’Abanyarwanda bakikemurira ibibazo. Ababiligi bo si ko babishakaga, ari nayo mpamvu bashyize imbaraga mu gushyigikira amashyaka nka Parmehutu ya Grégoire Kayibanda na Aprosoma ya Gitera Joseph, yasabaga ubutegetsi ubundi akabanira neza Ababiligi.

Rudahigwa n’abari bamushyigikiye, bagaragazaga ko ikibazo cy’Abanyarwanda ari Ababiligi banagize uruhare mu kubacamo ibice, Parmehutu yo ikavuga ko ikibazo cy’u Rwanda ari Abatutsi, badahari u Rwanda rwaba paradizo.

Rukeba wari umucuruzi usanzwe ukomoka i Cyangugu aho bita mu Kinyaga, ariko agacururiza i Kigali, yari inkoramutima n’umujyanama wa Rudahigwa ku buryo no mu kurwanira ubwigenge yamusigiye amabanga yo ‘kurwanira ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda, ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda bakirukana abanyamahanga, bagashyira hamwe bagakora igihugu kigenga cy’abanyarwanda’.

Rukeba, Rwagasana Michel na Kayihura Michel banze umugambi w’abazungu wo gukuraho ubwami bagashyiraho ubutegetsi bw’ababayoboka bityo bagakomeza kugira ijambo mu Rwanda.

Isaïe Murashi, inzobere mu mateka no muri Politiki y’akarere wanabaye Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Uganda, yabwiye IGIHE inkuru y’uburyo ubwo Mutara III Rudahigwa yatabarizwaga i Nyanza, Musenyeri Perraudin n’abandi bapadiri basomye misa irangiye Jean-Paul Harroy [wategekaga Rwanda-Urundi] avuga ijambo ariko bagiye gushyira Rudahigwa mu mva, Rukeba amuca mu ijambo.

Rukeba yihaye ijambo mu bandi, ahamagara Chef Kayihura wari mu muryango w’abiru b’Abenge, amubwira ko bagomba kwimika Umwami ariko Kayihura arabitinya.

Rukeba abonye ko Kayihura atinye, yahamagaye uwitwa Kayumba wari mu biru b’Abatsobe ati “Imika Umwami”.

Byatumye Rukeba aterana amagambo na Harroy, wamubwiye ko byarangiye iby’umwami bizarebwa nyuma yo gutabariza Rudahigwa. Rukeba yaramusubije ati “Harroy wowe uri Umubiligi twebwe turi Abanyarwanda, ntabwo u Rwanda rushobora kurara rudafite umwami. Ntabwo byabayeho ko batabariza Umwami batimitse undi Mwami”.

Ba Rukeba bari babiteguye kare bashyizeho abantu bafite imiheto n’amacumu bakikije i Mwima aho batabarizaga Umwami Rudahigwa, barimo abanya-Mayaga bazi kurasa cyane b’Abahigi n’abatwa b’i Nyanza.

Rukeba yabwiye Harroy ati ufite abasirikare b’abanye-Congo uraturasa ariko na we ntuva hano. Harroy yarebye abo bantu bafite amacumu barakaye kuko umwami yishwe, araceceka.

Nguko uko Kayumba yimitse Ndahindurwa ku mbaraga, Ababiligi n’abapadiri batabishaka, abikora akurikije umuco n’icyo abanyarwanda bashakaga icyo gihe. Ni yo yiswe ‘Kudeta y’i Mwima’, aho abimitse umwami bakurikije umuco ariko bakora kudeta barwanya Ababiligi.

Rukeba kuko yari yakoze icyo kintu cy’ingirakamaro, ahinduka intwari imbere y’abanyarwanda, igihe cyo gushyiraho amashyaka aba Perezida w’ishyaka ry’ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda ‘UNAR’. Bivugwa ko iri shyaka ryasize rishinzwe n’Umwami Rudahigwa.

Rukeba yabaye Perezida, Kayihura wari shefu w’u Bugoyi aba Visi Perezida naho Rwagasana Michel aba Umunyamabanga Mukuru.

Rukeba yatangirije iri shyaka i Nyamirambo ahari stade, hakorwa mitingi ikomeye cyane yiswe ‘Mitingi y’i Nyamirambo’ yo muri Nzeri 1959 yirukanaga abazungu.

ry’ubwigenge rigiye kwirukana abazungu. Abazungu ubungubu bagiye gusubira iwabo igihugu gisubire mu maboko y’abanyarwanda. Aba mubona bose bagiye kugenda, izi nzu ni izacu, ibiro byose ni ibyacu, ibyo mubona abazungu abfite ni ibyacu. Tugiye kubona ubwigenge”.

Ababiligi bararakaye batangira gutwika inzu, kwirukana no kurwanya abarwanira ubwigenge babinyujije mu mashyaka bashyizeho ya Parmehutu na Approsoma.

Ababiligi bafunze Rukeba ntiyajya muri Loni ariko ba Kayihura na Rwagasana baratorotse ntibabafunga, ni bo bagiye i New York muri Loni kurwanira ubwigenge babifashijwemo n’abanyafurika nka Julius Nyerere, Jomo Kenyatta, Kwame Nkrumah n’abandi ‘babafashije cyane ku buryo bagize ijambo rikomeye cyane muri Loni’.

Ababiligi bari mu gihugu bakoresheje politiki yo gutwika inzu, kurya inka, kwirukana abarwanira ubwigenge ariko babita ngo ni abatutsi.

Rukeba yarafunzwe, afungurwa mu 1960 ku cyemezo cya Loni cyo gufungura abantu bose, Umwami agataha, ubundi hagakorwa amatora. Nibwo yahise ashinga ‘Inyenzi’ azishingira ahari amakawa hagati yo kwa Venant no kwa Rubangura.

Inyenzi bari abantu barwanya abazungu b’Ababiligi n’abari kumwe nabo nka ba Kayibanda Gregoire na ba Gitera.

Rukeba yarwaniye ubwigenge buhabwa Kayibanda

Ababiligi bashyizeho imbaraga zabo birukana abanyarwanda bari bafite ijambo ryo kurwanira ubwigenge bashyiraho ba Kayibanda barwanyaga ubwigenge ahubwo.

Murashi avuga ko Loni yatanze ubwigenge ku mbaraga, ba Kayibanda barabufata.

Ati “Ubwigenge bwashyizweho bwari ubw’ubujurano kuko abayirwaniye si bo bayibonye, babahejeje hanze. Ni cyo cyatumye u Rwanda rutegekwa n’abatararwaniye ubwigenge”.

“Bafashe ubwigenge batabushaka ku buryo hakomeje gutegeka Ababiligi mu Rwanda n’abapadiri nka Musenyeri Perraudin wari nk’Umwami w’u Rwanda ba Kayibanda ari abakarani babo”.

Murashi avuga ko nta bwigenge bwabayeho hagiyeho abayobozi bahagarariye abazungu, bakomeza gutegeka u Rwanda kugeza mu 1990 FPR iza kubohora u Rwanda.

Ati “Ibyo bavuga ngo habaye revolusiyo y’Abahutu ni ukubeshya ni Ababiligi babikoze birukana ba Rukeba barwaniraga ubwigenge”.

Akomeza avuga ko iyo ubwigenge butangwa nk’uko bwari bwasabwe hari kubaho ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda, bafite ubutegetsi bwabo bishyiriyeho butayobowe n’abazungu, abapadiri n’Ababiligi.

Ati “Ubwigenge bwari guhabwa abanyarwanda bose, ntihabeho impunzi, gutandukanya amoko, hari kubaho leta y’ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda. Hari kujyaho ubuyobozi bushyigikira ubutunzi buyobowe n’abanyarwanda, urukundo, ubumwe n’ubutwari bw’abanyarwanda bikaba ari byo bishyirwa imbere”.

Rukeba yajujubije Ababiligi kuko nko kuwa 30 Kanama 1960, yandikiye Perezida w’Akanama k’umutekano k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, asaba ko ibikorwa bya kinyamaswa by’ingabo z’u Bubiligi bihagarara kandi zikirukanwa mu Rwanda zigasimbuzwa iza Loni.

Ingabo z’u Bubiligi zashinjwaga kwica, gufata ku ngufu abagore n’abakobwa harimo n’abataruzuza imyaka y’ubukure, gutwika no guhagarikira abaturage ngo batwikire bagenzi babo.

Yasabaga kandi ko u Bubiligi butanga impozamarira kubera abanyarwanda barashwe, abahunze, abafunzwe batagira icyaha, ababaye imfubyi n’abapfakazi, abatwikiwe inzu.

Rukeba yanasabaga ko habonetse ubufasha bwashyikirizwa Umwami Kigeri V Ndahindurwa na we akabugeza ku mfubyi n’abapfakazi b’ibikorwa by’ubutegetsi n’igisirikare cy’u Bubiligi.

Tariki ya 1 Nyakanga 1962 ubwo u Rwanda rwahindukaga Repubulika ku mugaragaro

Kayibanda, Mbonyumutwa n'abandi bari ibikomerezwa muri MDR Parmehutu ubwo hemezwaga ko ubwami buvuyeho