Kuva kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 20 Kamena 2023, i Kigali hateraniye inama y’iminsi itatu y’lhuriro ku ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari ryitwa Fintech.

Iyi nama yateguwe n’Igicumbi mpuzamahanga cya serivise z’imali n’amabanki cya Kigali (KIFC) ku bufatanye n’ikigo Elevandi gikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari cyashinzwe na Banki Nkuru y’igihugu ya Singapore (MAS).

Yitabiriwe n’abayobozi bakuru, ba rwiyemezamirimo, abashoramari, ibigo binini by’ubucuruzi ndetse n’imiryango itandukanye, bashakira hamwe ibisubizo byo kugera kuri serivisi z’imari bidaheza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwiza.

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, John Rwangombwa, yavuze ko ibanga ry’ibyo u Rwanda rwakoze kugira ngo rugere ku ntego yo kuba igicumbi cy’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari, ari ukubaka ibikorwaremezo no gushyigikira imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga muri uru rwego.

Ati “Iyo ushaka guteza imbere FinTech cyangwa inovasiyo, ibikorwaremezo ni ikintu cy’agaciro cyane. Ni imwe mu nkingi yatumye tugeze aho turi uyu munsi kandi ni n’umusingi w’icyerekezo dufite cyo kuba igicumbi cya serivizi z’imari”.

Rwangombwa yavuze ko mu 2001 ubwo u Rwanda rwatangiraga icyerekezo 2020, ikoranabuhanga ryashyizwe mu cyerekezo nk’intwaro izatuma gahunda z’iterambere zigerwaho ndetse uyu munsi riracyari mu mutima w’icyerekezo 2050.

Kuva mu 2010 u Rwanda rwatangiye gushora imari mu kugeza umuyoboro mugari wa internet mu gihugu hose, aho uyu munsi igera mu gihugu hose ku kigero cya 95%.

Rwangombwa ati “Politiki ya leta yo gufungurira amarembo inovasiyo ni ingenzi”.

Kimwe n’ahandi mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, u Rwanda rwahuye n’inzitizi yo kutagira abantu bafite ubumenyi ariko rushaka ibisubizo byo kuzana ibigo nka Carnegie Mellon University yo muri Amerika, African Leadership University (ALU) na AIMS bitanga ubumenyi kugira ngo icyerekezo rwihaye kigerweho.

Rwangombwa yakomeje avuga ko BNR nk’urwego rushinzwe ubugenzuzi bwa serivisi z’imari, yashyizeho amategeko n’amabwiriza byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku buryo ibyo abashoramari babona ahandi no mu Rwanda biba bihari.

Kuva mu 2021, muri BNR hashyizweho ishami ryihariye rishinzwe iterambere ry’urwego rw’imari.

Guverinoma kandi yashyizerho igicumbi mpuzamahanga cya serivise z’imali n’amabanki cya Kigali (Kigali International Financial Centre) gifasha ishoramari mpuzamahanga n’iryo ku mugabane wa Afurika.

KIFC yatangaje ko mu myaka itatu ishize ishinzwe, imaze kwakira abashoramari babarirwa mu 100, aho biyemeje ishoramari rya miliyoni 800 z’amadolari ni ukuvuga miliyari zisaga 800Frw.

KIFC yatangiye ibikorwa byayo mu 2020, ifite intego yo guhindura u Rwanda icyicaro cy’ishoramari ku Mugabane wa Afurika. Icyo ikora ni ukuzana abashoramari mu Rwanda bakahagira igicumbi, n’iyo baba bakorera ubucuruzi bwabo ahandi.

Bivuze ko umushoramari ashobora gukorera ahandi ariko aho afatira ibyemezo, aho igicumbi cy’amafaranga ye kiri ari mu Rwanda. Iyo agiye kwaka nk’inguzanyo, banki akoresha ngo bashyireho amafaranga ni iyo mu Rwanda, akaba ashobora kuyakoresha mu Rwanda cyangwa ahandi.

Rwangombwa yavuze ko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari bigifite inzitizi zo kuba ibihugu bifite amategeko anyuranye, bikaba bisaba ko ahuzwa kugira ngo kwishyurana, kohererezanya amafaranga no kubona serivisi z’imari byorohe.

Icyakora, Rwangombwa avuga ko hari imishinga myinshi yo gukemura izo nzitizi nk’isoko rusange rya Afurika, AfCFTA ndetse n’imiryango y’akarere nka EAC.

Isomo kuri Singapore

Singapore ni kimwe mu bihugu bikomeje gutera imbere ubutitsa by’umwihariko mu ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu mabanki no mu bigo by’imari.

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’igihugu ya Singapore (MAS), Ravi Menon, yavuze ko politiki igihugu cye cyashyizeho zabaye umusemburo wo guhanga udushya ndetse no gukurura abashoramari.

Yavuze ko mu 2015 muri Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu bumvikanye ko urwego rw’imari rugiye guhindurwa n’ikoranabuhanga, bityo ari amahirwe ku guhanga imirimo n’ibyo serivisi z’imari zinjiza, ariko akaba n’amahirwe akomeye mu guhindura ubuzima bw’abaturage, kugabanya ibihombo, imikorere myiza no gutanga serivisi nziza.

Ati “Ibintu bibiri MAS yibandaho, icya mbere ni ukugenzura. Iyi ni intwaro ifasha cyane abafite inovasiyo, yaba mu kuborohereza gukora, kubarinda ibihombo, ituma bagerageza imishinga yabo. Icya kabiri ni ibikorwaremezo abikorera bakoresha”.

Ravi Menon avuga ko ikindi Singapore ikoresha ari politiki ifunguye yo kuzana abahanga mu ikoranabuhanga ndetse bakanakorana na za kaminuza mu guhuza amasomo yigishwa n’ibikenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo.

Ati “Integanyanyigisho igomba kugenda na n’ibikenewe ku isoko. Duhuza kandi abayoboye amabanki n’ibigo by’imari tukaganira ku bumenyi bukenewe.

Yakomeje avuga ko kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga ryifashishwa mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari bigere kuri bose kandi bihendutse, hakenewe ko habaho amasezerano rusange muri izi serivisi kandi ibihugu byose bikayahurizaho.

Umuyobozi w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya Rwanda Finance Limited, Tidjane Thiam, yavuze ko ikoranabuhanga ari umusingi ukomeye w’iterambere ry’Isi, akaba ari umukoro umugabane wa Afurika ufite wo kwihuta kugira ngo udakomeza gusigara inyuma.

Yavuze ko niba Afurika ikeneye gukurura abashoramari b’abanyamahanga, igomba kubanza kubaka ishoramari ry’imbere mu gihugu rigashinga imizi.

Ati “Niba ushaka gukurura abashoramari mpuzamahanga, ni ngombwa ko ubanza gutunganya ishoramari ry’imbere mu gihugu kandi ugatuma ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu bitera imbere. Ndashishikariza abakuru b’ibihugu kumara 80% by’umwanya wabo batekereza ku bigo by’imbere mu gihugu no guha umwanya imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga”.

Iri huriro rya FinTech rigamije kongera imbaraga mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba zihuriweho kandi zirambye mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu mabanki n’ibigo by’imari no kwerekana imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga mu by’imari.

Biteganyijwe ko iri huriro rizatanga umusaruro binyuze mu biganiro bizibanda ku kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, higwa uko ubu buryo bwahendukira bose binyuze mu gushyiraho ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga.

Hazaganirwa kandi ku gutanga inguzanyo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, harebwa uko hashyirwaho ubwoko bw’inguzanyo bubereye abafite ubushobozi buke n’ubuciriritse.

Hari kandi kugena uburyo bw’ishoramari n’ubukungu bwagutse, ubwishingizi na pansiyo buri wese yibonamo. Hazaganirwa kandi ku kubaka isoko ry’imari n’imigabane hagamijwe kwihutisha kugeza serivisi z’imari kuri bose.

Rwangombwa yavuze ko ikoranabuhanga rikomeje kuba inkingi mu iterambere ry'u Rwanda